Description of Monument

White marble blocks, and fragments from the North Parodos wall of the Theatre

Description of Text

Inscribed on the first surviving column on the archive wall (inscribed area in situ, five courses, 1.41 x 2.36); the remainder of the text is on loose blocks, A-F, and fragments. These three additional courses took the area covered by the inscription to a height of c. 3 40 m (-= eight courses) and included a heading for this document, but it is possible that a heading for the whole series of texts on the wall was cut on a yet higher block. The width of the inscribed column can be calculated as c. 2.96 m. There is outspacing at the beginning of paragraphs, and variation in line-length is very marked ; apart from the outspacing, reasons for it are that some lines are extended a little beyond the norm at the right end, that ligatures are common, that stops or blank spaces (of varying width) occur from time to time and occasionally wider spacing of letters in words which are to be emphasized, e.g. the names of the triumvirs in l.26. In l. 14 part of ΟΣ is cut on an inset piece of marble.

Letters

second to third century standard forms. ll. 1-17 ave 0.025; ll 18-95 ave 0.02. Ligatures: ΠΠ l.4, MH, ll.19, 44 (twice), 67, 68, 92 ΜΗΝ l.67, ΗΝ ll.23, 24, 79, ΝΕ l.29, ΗΜ ll.46, 54, 57, 59, 60, 90, 91, ΝΜ, l.58, ΤΕ l.60 (twice), ΝΗ ll. 60, 93, ΜΕ l.66, ΓΜ l.67. Diairesis in ll. 1, 4, 6 (twice, once above the letter), 7-12 (all above the letters). Stops: dots in ll. 2, 4-11, 23, 26; circular in ll.27, 28, 30, 33; arabesque in l.78. Tall Γ in l. 31.

Date

Inscription: second to third centuries (lettering, context). Document: 39/38 B.C. (content, prosopography)

Edition ἐπὶ Γαΐου Καλουεισίου Γαΐου υἱοῦ Λευκίου Μαρκίου Λευκίου υἱοῦ ὑπάτων ἐκ τῶν ἀνενεχθέντων δογμάτων συνκλήτῳ δέλτῳ πρώτῃ κηρώμασι τετάρτῳ πεμπτῳ ἕκτῳ ἑβδόμῳ ὀγδόῳ ἐνάτῳ ταῖς δὲ ταμιακαῖς δέλτοις ἐπὶ Μάρκου Μαρτι ταμιῶν κατὰ πόλιν δέλτῳ πρώτῃ πρὸ ἡμερῶν ἓξ Νόνων Ὀκτωβρίων ἐν Παλατίῳ ἐν τῷ ναῷ γραφομένων παρῆσαν Μᾶρκος Οὐαλέριος Μάρκου υἱὸς Λεμωνία Μεσσάλας Ἄππιος Κλαύδιος Λευκίου υἱὸς̣ Οὐελλείνα Ἀσπρήνας Λεύκιος Σκριβώνιος Λευκίου υἱὸς Φαλέρνα Λίβων Λεύκιος Λευκίου υἱὸς Ὠφεντείνα Βάλβος ς Γαΐου υἱὸς Κλαυδωνειανός Λεύκιος Σέργιος Λευκίου υἱὸς Φαλέρνα Πλαῦτος Γάϊος Μ υἱὸς μεντείνα Γναῖος Ἀσίννιος Γναίου υἱὸς Ἀρνήσσις Πόπλιος Σήστιος Λευκίου υἱὸς Κολλείνα Γναῖος Πομπήϊος Κοΐντου υἱὸς Ἀρνιήσσις Γάϊος Ἥδιος Γαΐου υἱὸς Κλαυδία̣ Θῶρος Λεύκιος υἱὸς Ἀρνιήσσις Καπίτων Τίτος Λικίννιος Τίτουυἱὸς ηνος γνιος Γναίου υἱὸς Ἀρνήσσις Ῥοῦφος Πόπλιος υἱὸς Ἀνιήσσις Γναῖος Σήδιος Γαΐου υἱὸς Κλαυδία ν Τιτος Λικίννιος Τίτου υἱὸς Φαβία Τύραννος ιιτος περὶ ὧν Γάϊος Καλουείσιος Γαΐου υἱὸς Καλουείσιος Λεύκιος Μάρκιος Λευκίου υἱὸς Κηνσωρεῖνος ὕπατοι λόγους ἐποιήσαντο Σόλωνα Δημητρίου πρεσβευτὴν Ἀφροδεισιέων χάριτα φιλίαν συμμαχίαν ἀνανεοῦσθαι δέεσθαί τε τῆς συνκλή του ὅπως Πλαρασέων καὶ Ἀφροδεισιέων φιλίας ἕνεκεν πρὸς τοὺς Ῥωμαίους τε καὶ εὐνοίας ἐν τοῖς ἐπιφανεστάτοις ταῦτα ὅπως αὐτοῖς ἀποδοθῇ τειμηθῶσι τε οἱ ἀγροὶ διεφθαρμένοι ὅπως τε φιλανθρώπως τε αὐτοῖς ἀποκριθῇ ἔδοξεν τῇ συνκλήτῳ πρὸς τὸν δῆμον τὸν Πλαρασέων καὶ Ἀφροδεισιέων χάριτα φιλίαν συμμαχίαν ἀνα νεώσασθαι πρεσβευτὴν ἄνδρα καλὸν καὶ ἀγαθόν ἔτι δὲ καὶ φίλον παρὰ δήμου καλοῦ καὶ ἀγαθοῦ ἔτι δὲ καὶ φί λου συμμάχου προσαγορεῦσαι καὶ ἐπειδὴ συμφωνεῖται τὴν πολειτήαν τὴν τῶν Πλαρασέων καὶ Ἀφροδεισιέων ἀφ’ οὗ πρὸς τὴν φιλίαν τοῦ δήμου τοῦ Ῥωμαίων προσῆλθεν διην εκ τῇ ἡγεμονίᾳ τοῦ δήμου τοῦ Ῥωμαίων μετὰ μεγίστης εὐνοίας ας ὑπάρχειν v καὶ ἐπειδὴ Μᾶρκος Ἀντώνιος καὶ Γάϊος Καῖσαρ αὐτοκράτορες τριῶν ἀνδρῶν τῆς τῶν δημοσίων πραγμάτων διατάξεως ἐν τῇδε τῇ τάξει λόγους ἐποιήσαντο περὶ τῆς καλλίστης προ αιρέσεως ἐξοχωτάτης τε πίστεως ἣν τοῖς δημοσίοις πράγμασιν ὁ δῆμος ὁ Πλαρασέων καὶ Ἀφροδεισιέων παρέσχηκε ἐπὶ τῷ συμφέροντι τῶν δημοσίων πραγμάτων δοκεῖν εἶναι Πλαρασεῖς καὶ Ἀφροδεισιεῖς αὐτοὺς καὶ τέκνα ἐγγόνους τε αὐτῶν ἀτελεῖς πάντων τῶν πραγμάτων εἶναι ὑπεξειρημένους εἶναι πάντων δέλτων προσοδικῶν δήμου Ῥωμαίων αὐτοὺς καὶ τὰς ἐκείνων γυναῖκας τέκνα ἐγγόνους τε αὐτῶν καὶ εἰς τὸν συμμάχων ἀριθμὸν καταταγῆναι μήτε μὴν ἄρχοντά τινα ἢ ἀντάρχοντα δήμου Ῥωμαίων ἕτερόν τέ τινα εἰς τὴν πόλιν ἢ τὴν χώραν ἢ καὶ τοὺς ὅρους τοὺς Πλαρασέων καὶ Ἀφροδεισιέων στρατιώτην καὶ ἀντιστρα τιώτην ἱππέα ἕτερόν τινα εἰς παραχειμασίαν πρὸς αὐτοὺς δίδοσθαι μηδὲ καταθέσθαι κελεύειν μήτε χρή ματα μήτε στρατιώτας μήτε πλοῖα μήτε σεῖτον μήτε ὅπλα μήτε σχεδίας μήτε μὴν ἕτερόν τι πρᾶγμα τῷ δήμῳ τῷ Πλαρασέων καὶ Ἀφροδεισιέων ἐπιτάσσεσθαι φ ἥν τέ τινα ἀσυλίαν άτωρ Ἀφροδείτῃ τῇ παρ’ αὐτοῖς οὔσῃ συνεχώρησεν ταύτην δικαίως συνκεχωρῆσθαι καὶ κατὰ τὴν τοῦ δήμου τοῦ Ῥωμαίων εὐσέβειαν τῇ συνκλήτῳ φαίνεσθαι εἶναι ἀρέσκειν τε ἐκεῖνο τὸ ἱερὸν ἄσυλον καὶ τῷ αὐτῷ δικαίῳ εἶναι ᾧ δικαίῳ τὸ ἱερὸν Ἀρτέμιδος Ἐφεσίας ἐν Ἐφέσῳ ἐστὶν τά τε λοιπὰ ὅσα θεὸςἸούλιος περὶ ἐκείνων τῶν πραγμάτων διετάξατο πάντα κύρια διαμένειν ὁμοίως ἀρέσκειν τῇ συνκλήτῳ τὸν δῆμον τὸν Πλαρασέων καὶ Ἀφροδει σιέων ων πρὸς τῷ Μαιάνδρῳ συνεισφορὰς πάντων τῶν πραγμάτων κεχωρισ πάντων ἀλιτούργητον ἀνείσφορόν τε εἶναι καὶ μήτε εἰσφορὰς μήτε ἄλλο τι ΝΙτ τὸ πρᾶγμα ἐνέχυρον λαμ βάνεσθαι ἀπάγεσθαι ατε ἀλλὰ ἐλευθέρους εἶναι τῷ τε δικαίῳ καὶ ταῖς ἰδίαις κρίσεσιν ἕνεκεν τοῦ δήμου τοῦ Ῥωμαίων τὴν πολειτήαν τὴν Πλαρασέων καὶ Ἀφροδεισιέων χρῆσθαι μήτε ἐνγύην εἰς Ῥώμην ἐντὸς τῶν ὅρων ἐκείνων τινὰ ὁμολο γεῖν τινι ἢ καὶ κελεύειν ὁμολογεῖν ἅ τέ τινα ἔπαθλα τειμάς φιλάνθρωπα Γάϊος Καῖσαρ ἢ Μᾶρκος Ἀντώνιος τριῶν ἀνδρῶν τῆς τῶν δημοσίων πραγμάτων διατάξεως τῷ ἰδίῳ ἐπικρίματι Πλαρασεῦσιν καὶ Ἀφροδεισιεῦσιν ἔδωκαν ἢ δώσουσιν προσεμέρισαν προσμεριοῦσιν συνεχώρησαν συνχωρήσουσιν ταῦτα πάντα ὀρθῶς καὶ στοιχούντως δοκεῖν γεγενῆσθαι ὁμοίως τε ἀρέσκειν τῇ συνκλήτῳ τὸν δῆμον τὸν Πλαρασέων καὶ Ἀφροδεισιέων τέκνα ἐκγό νους τε αὐτῶν τὴν ἐλευθερίαν καὶ τὴν ἀτέλειαν αὐτοὺς πάντων πραγμάτων τούτῳ τε τῷ δικαίῳ ἔχειν διακρατεῖν τε καθάπερ καί τις πολειτήα τῷ καλίστῳ δικαίῳ καλίστῳ τε νόμῳ ἐστίν ἥτις πολειτήα παρὰ τῆς συνκλήτου καὶ τοῦ δήμου τοῦ Ῥωμαίων τὴν ἐλευθερε ίαν καὶ ἀτέλειαν ἔχει φίλη τε καὶ σύμμαχος τοῦ δήμου τοῦ Ῥωμαίων ἐστίν. ὃ ἱερὸν εἴτε καὶ τέμενος θεᾶς Ἀφροδείτης ἐν πόλει Πλαρασέων καὶ Ἀφροδεισιέων ἐστίν ἐκεῖνο τὸ ἱερόν ἐκεῖνο τὸ τέμενος ἄσυλον ἔστω τούτῳ τῷ δικαίῳ ταύτῃ τε δεισιδαιμονίᾳ ᾧ δικαίῳ καὶ ᾗ δεισιδαιμονίᾳ τὸ ἱερὸν εἴτε καὶ τέμενος Ἀρ τέμιδος Ἐφεσίας ἐστὶν ἐν Ἐφέσῳ κύκλῳ τε ἐκείνου τοῦ ἱεροῦ εἴτε τέμενός ἐστιν εἰς τὸ πάντῃ μέχρι ποδῶν ἑκατὸν εἴκοσι ἐκεῖνος ὁ τόπος ἄσυλος ἔστω ὅπως τε ἡ πολειτήα οἱ πολεῖται οἱ Πλαρασέων καὶ Ἀφροδεισιέων μεθ’ ὧν ἀγρῶν τόπων οἰκοδομιῶν κωμῶν χωρίων ὀχυρωμάτων ὀρῶν προσόδων πρὸς τὴν φιλίαν τοῦ δήμου τοῦ Ῥωμαίων προσῆλθον ταῦτα πάντα ἔχωσιν κρατῶσιν χρῶνται καρπίζωνταί τε πάντων τῶν πραγμάτων Ν ἐλεύθεροι ἀτελεῖς τε καὶ ἀδημοσιώνητοι ὦσιν μήτε μήν τινες διά τινα αἰτίαν ἐκείνων διδόναι τι μηδὲ συνεισφέρειν ὀφείλωσιν ἀλλὰ ἐλεύθεροι καὶ ἀτελεῖς ὦσιν νόμοις τε ἰδίοις πατρίοις καὶ οὓς ἂν μετὰ ταῦτα ἐν ἑαυτοῖς κυρώσωιν χρῶνται νται τε ἅτε τινὰ ἂν καὶ οἷ’ ἂν Πλαρασεῖς καὶ Ἀφροδεισιεῖς α ἐκ τῶν Τραλλιανῶν ὅρων εἴσω τῶν ὅρων τῶν Πλαρασέ ων καὶ Ἀφροδεισιέων άγωσιν ταῦτα πάντα ἀτελῆ καὶ ἀννενομίωτα ἐξάγειν ἐκ τῶν ὅρων τῶν Τραλλιανῶν ἐάν τε στρατηγός ἀντιστράτηγος ὕπατός τε ἐάν τε καὶ ἕτερός τις ἄρχων προσόδους δημοσίας δήμου Ῥωμαίων αὐτοῖς ἐπιτάσσῃ παρὰ τὰ φιλάνθρωπα τὰ ὑπὸ τῆς συνκλήτου Ἀφροδεισιεῦσι δεδομένα συνκεχωρημένα νται μήτε μήν τις ἐκείνων τῶν πραγμάτων τινί τι μισθούτω ἄρχων ἀντάρχων τε ὃς ἂν περὶ τῶν ἐν ταῖς ἐπαρχείαις δικαιοδότῃ ἐπικρεινέτω μή τι ὑπεναντίον τούτῳ τῷ δόγματι τῆς συνκλήτου γένηται ὅπως τε καὶ ἡ πολειτήα οἱ πολεῖταί τε οἱ Πλαρασέων καὶ Ἀφροδεισιέων οἷστισι νόμοις ἰδίοις πατρίοις τε καὶ ἐθισμοῖς ἐχρήσαντο καὶ μεθ’ ὧν δὲ τόπων ἀγρῶν οἰκο δομιῶν κωμῶν χωρίων ὀχυρωμάτων ὀρῶν προσόδων τοιων ἑτέρων τε πραγμάτων καὶ χρημάτων πρὸς τὴν φιλίαν τοῦ δήμου τοῦ Ῥωμαίων προσῆλθον πάντα αὐτὰ ἔχωσιν διακατέχωσιν ἔδοξεν περὶ δὲ ὧν Γάϊος Καλουείσιος Λεύκιος Μάρκιος Κηνσωρεῖνος ὕπατοι λόγους ἐποιήσαντο ὅπως Λεύκιος Μάρκιος Κηνωρεῖνος καὶ Γάϊος Καλουείσιος ὕπατοι τοῖς κατὰ πόλιν ταμίαις ἐπιτάξωσιν εἰς τὸ αἰράριον ἀναφέρειν ὄνομα καὶ ξένια τῷ πρεσβευτῇ τῶν Πλαρασέων καὶ Ἀφροδεισιέων δοῦναι ἀποστεῖλαί τε κελεύσωσιν ἀπὸ σηστερτίων νόμων ὅπως τε ἐν τοῖς ἀγῶσί τε καὶ ταῖς μονομαχίαις ἔτι τε κυνηγίοις καὶ ἐὰν ἀθληταὶ ἀγωνίζωνται ἐν πόλει Ῥώμῃ πλησίον τε πόλεως Ῥώμης μιλίου ἑνός ἐν τῷ τῶν συνκλητικῶν τόπῳ τῷ πρεσβευτῇ Πλαρασέων καὶ Ἀφροδεισιέων καθῆσθαι θεωρεῖν τ' ἐξὸν ᾖ καὶ οἵτινες δὲ ἄν ποτε πρεσβευταὶ τοῦ δήμου τοῦ Πλαρασέων καὶ Ἀφροδεισιέων εἰς Ῥώμην πρὸς τὴν σύνκλητον παραγένωνται τοῖς ἄρχουσιν ἀντάρχουσιν δήμου Ῥωμαίων τοῖς ἐξουσίαν ἔχουσιν σύνκλητον συναγαγεῖν ἐνφανίσωσιν ὅπως σύνκλητος αὐτοῖς δοθῇ ἀρέσκειν δὲ ἐκ τοῦ στίχου σύνκλητον αὐτοῖς δοθῆναι ἐξουσίαν τε αὐτοῖς γενέσθαι εἰς τὸ ἐκείνῃ τῇ τάξει διαλεγῆναι ἐμφανίσαι τε ἐν ἡμέραις δέκα ταῖς ἔνγιστα αἷς ἂν προσέλθωσιν ἐνφανίσωσιν ἀπόκριμα πρεσβευταῖς Πλαρασέων καὶ Ἀφροδεισιέων δοθῆναι ὅπως τε Λεύκιος Μάρκιος Κηνσωρεῖνος καὶ Γάϊος Καλουείσιος ὕπατοι τὸ ὅρκιον τοῦ δήμου τοῦ Ῥωμαίων γενέσθαι φροντίσωσι τόν τε δῆμον τὸν Πλαρασέων καὶ Ἀφροδεισιέων διὰ τῶν πρεσβευτῶν ὀμόσαι ηαν αὐτοὺς τοὺς θεμιστῆρας πα μετὰ ταῦτα ἐσόμενοι οἷς ἂν αὐτῶν τοῦ δήμου τοῦ Πλαρασέων καὶ Ἀφροδεισιέων δε τά τε πλήθη ἐνένκωσιν ἃ ἂν οὗτοι φροντίσωσιν ὅπως ἐπειδὴ γένωνται κατασταθῶσίν τε νόμον περὶ τούτων τῶν πραγμάτων ἐπὶ τὸν δῆμον ἐπιφέρωσιν ὅπως τε τοῦτο τὸ δόγμα τῆς συνκλήτου καὶ τὸ ὅρκιον τὸ πρὸς τὸν δῆμον τὸν Πλαρασέων καὶ Ἀφροδεισιέων ἐπιγενησόμενον δέλτοις χαλκείαις ἐνχαραχθέντα ἐν ἱερῷ Διὸς ἐν Ῥώμῃ ἐν τῷ Καπετωλίῳ ἀνατιθῶσι ὁμοίως δὲ καὶ ἄλλας δέλτους ἐν Ἀφροδει]σιάδι ἐν τῷ ἱερῷ τῆς Ἀφροδείτης καὶ ἐν ταῖς Πλαρασέων καὶ Ἀφροδεισιέων ἀγοραῖς ἐξ οὗ ἂν δῆλον ᾖ καθὼς ἂν αὐτοῖς πρὸ τῶν δημοσίων πραγμάτων καὶ ἰδίας αὐτῶν πίστεως ἐφαίνετο εἶναι ἔδοξεν ἐν τῇ συνκλήτῳ ὅτε τοῦτο τὸ δόγμα ἐτελεῖτο παρῆσαν καὶ συνκλητικοὶ τριακόσιοι τεσσαράκοντα ὅτε ἐγένετο τὸ ὅρκιον

Apparatus

See published commentary.

λ.9· Ἄτειος Λευκίου

Translation

[In the] consulship [of C. Calvisius C.f. and L. Marcius] L.f.; from the record of decrees referred to the Senate, file [?one, pages four], five, six, seven, eight, nine; and in the quaestorian files of the year when M. Marti[- and .. ? ..] were urban [quaestors], file one. second October, on the Palatine, in the [?temple of .. ? ..]. When the record was written there were present M. Valerius M.f. Lem. Messala, Appius [Claudius ?Pulcher, (L. Nonius) L.f.] Vel. Asprenas, L. Scribonius L.f. Fal. Libo, L. [ . . ? . . ] L.f. Ouf. Balbus, [ . . ? . . ] C.f. Claudonianus (sic), L. Ser[gius ?L.f.] Fal. Plautus, C. M.[ . . ? . . f.] Pom., Cn. Asinius Cn. f. [?Arn.], P. Sestius L. [f. Col., Cn.] Pompeius Q.f. Arn., C. Hedius C.f.] Cla. Thorus, L. [ . . ? . . f.] Arn. Capito, T. Licinius T. [f. . . ? . . ]enus, C[ . . ? . . , . . ? . . ]nius Cn. f. Arn. Rufus, P. [ . . ? . . , . . ? . . ] ?Ani., Cn. Sedius C.f. Cla. [ . . ? . . , . . ? . . ]n, T. [Li]cinius T.f. Fab. Turannus, [ . . ? . . ]itus [ . . ? . .

Concerning the matter on which the consuls C. Calvisius] C.f. [and L. Marcus L.f. Censorinus spoke, saying]

[that ?Solon son of Demetrios, envoy of the Aphrodisians, was renewing the relationship of favour, friendship and alliance] and seeking of the Senate [that .. ? .. the People of] Plarasa and Aphrodisias [.. ? .. because of their friendship towards the Romans] and goodwill [?in which they have been] among the most outstanding, [.. ? .. that these things] should be restored to them [and ?the destroyed fields] should be valued, [.. ? .. and that they should receive a favourable] reply; the Senate [decided to reaffirm the relationship of favour, friendship and alliance] with the people of Plarasa [and Aphrodisias], to address their ambassador as a good and noble man and, moreover, a friend [from a good and noble people, which is, moreover, our friend and ally]; and since it is agreed that the community [of the Plarasans and Aphrodisians has] continuously [.. ? ..] shown the greatest [.. ? .. and] goodwill [.. ? ..] to the empire of the Roman people from the time when it entered the friendship of the Roman People; and since M. Antonius and C. Caesar [victorious generals, Triumviri] Reipublicae Constituendae, [spoke] in this house [about the very noble policy] and the exceptional loyalty which [the people of Plarasa/Aphrodisias have extended] to our public affairs, (resolved) that it seems to be in the public interest [for the Plarasans and Aphrodisians, themselves, their children] and their descendants to be exempt from all levies [.. ? .. and removed from] all taxation documents of the Roman People, themselves and their [wives, children and descendants and] to be enrolled among the number of allies; nor should any magistrate [or promagistrate of the Roman People, or anyone else], billet on them, in the city or territory or bounds of the Plarasans [and Aphrodisians, a soldier or a substitute soldier, a cavalry-man] or anyone else, with a view to providing winter quarters, [nor order such billeting to take place], nor levy from the people of Plarasa [and Aphrodisias money], or soldiers [or ships, or corn], or weapons, or rafts, [or anything else at all; .. ? .. ; also resolved that the ?asylia which .. ? .. conceded] to Aphrodite who is present among them, is agreed by the Senate to have been [rightly and duly conceded and in accordance with] the sense of duty to the gods felt by the Roman People [.. ? ..] ; and it is also agree by the Senate that the temple of the goddess in that city should be an asylum and with the same rights as [the sanctuary of Ephesian Artemis at Ephesos] , and in other respects that the ordinances of Divus Iulius on these matters [should all remain valid .. ? .. similarly] it is agreed by the Senate that the people of Plarasa and Aphrodisias should be exempt in all respects from the joint levy [.. ? ..] on the Maeander [.. ? ..], should be free of liturgies and ['?levies] and [contribute] no payments nor anything else [.. ? ..] the matter [?nor should it be allowed to anyone] to take and ?carry off [.. ? ..] a pledge but the community of Plarasa and Aphrodisias should be free and enjoy [its own] law [and courts ?as far as] the Roman People [are concerned] ; and [within] their boundaries no one should take bail from anyone, or order bail to be taken from anyone, [for an appearance in court at Rome ?]; and all those rewards, honours and privileges which C. Caesar or M. Antonius, Triumviri Reipublicae Constituendae, have given or shall give, have allotted or shall allot, have conceded or shall concede by their own decree to the people of Plarasa and Aphrodisias, all these should be accepted as having come about duly and regularly; similarly it is agreed by the Senate that the people of Plarasa and Aphrodisias, their children and descendants should themselves have and possess freedom and immunity from taxation in all matters on the legal basis which is that of a community with the fullest right and law, having freedom and immunity from taxation granted by the Senate and people of Rome, and being a friend and ally of the Roman people.

The temple or precinct of the goddess Aphrodite which is in the city of the Plarasans and Aphrodisians, that temple or precinct is to be an asylum, with the rights and the religious sanctity which pertain to the temple or precinct of Ephesia Artemis at Ephesos, for an area of 120 feet surrounding that temple or precinct in all directions; that area is to be an asylum; and (it is agreed) that the community, and the citizens of Plarasa and Aphrodisias are to have, hold, use and enjoy all those lands, places, buildings, villages, estates, strongpoints, pastures, revenues which they had when they entered the friendship of the Roman People, and are to be free, and immune from taxation and the presence of tax-contractors. Neither are any of them obliged on any account to give or contribute (anything) but they are to be free in all respects and immune from taxation and are to enjoy their own traditional laws and those which they pass among themselves hereafter. All the [.. ? ..] which the Plarasans [and Aphrodisians .. ? .. ?move] from [the boundaries] of Trallian territory into [the boundaries of the Plarasans and Aphrodisians .. ? ..], all these [they should be allowed to move] without paying tax and without paying pasture dues from [?the Trallian boundaries and if any ?praetor, propraetor or proconsul], and if anyone else in authority [seeks to levy] the public taxes [of the Roman People contrary to the privileges] given and conceded by the Senate to the Aphrodisians [.. '? ..] nor should anyone let to anyone a contract for collecting any of those things ; [a magistrate or promagistrate charged at any time] with administration of justice in the province shall see to it that nothing contrary [to this decree of the Senate takes place ; and also that those traditional laws and customs of theirs which] the community and citizen of Plarasa and Aphrodisias [enjoyed] and the places, lands, buildings, [villages, farms, strongpoints, pastures, revenues, .. ? ..] and other matters and [properties which they had when they entered the friendship of the Roman People, all] these they should have and hold. [?Agreed.

Concerning the proposal made by the] consuls [C. Calvisius and L. Marcius Censorinus, (it is agreed) that L. Marcius Censorinus and C. Calvisius consuls,] should instruct the urban quaestors with a view to [?registering the name of the ambassador at the Treasury] and [bid] them give and pay [subsistence allowance to the ambassador of the Plarasans and] Aphrodisians [up to the sum of .. ? .. and that the ambassadors of the Plarasans and Aphrodisians should be allowed to sit] as spectators in the [area reserved for Senators] at contests and gladiatorial combats, [also hunts and competitions of athletes, should any occur in the city of Rome or within] one mile of the city of Rome; and whatever [ambassadors come from Plarasa and Aphrodisias in the future to Rome] to meet the Senate they are to report [to the magistrates and promagistrates of the Roman People who have the power] to summon [the Senate], in order that [they may be given access to the Senate; and it is agreed by the Senate that they should have access to the Senate without waiting their turn and] the right [to speak and report in that body (and) that] a reply be given to the envoys of Plarasa and Aphrodisias within 10 days of their] attending and reporting [to the Senate ; and that L. Marcius] Censorinus and C. Calvisius [consuls] should make provision [?for the oaths of the Roman People to be sworn and for the people] of Plarasa/Aphrodisias [to swear] through their ambassadors [.. ? ..] the priests (?Fetiales) themselves [.. ? ..] those about to be hereafter (?hoIding office) to whomsoever of them [.. ? .. of the people] of Plarasa and Aphrodisias [.. ? ..] they should ?report the ?numbers whatever these [.. ? .. the consuls are to see to it that, ?after certain things] have taken place and been instituted, [?they bring] a law [on these] matters before the People (of Rome) and that [they have] this decree of the Senate [engraved, and also the treaty with] the people of Plarasa [and Aphrodisias] which will be made [in addition to] it, on bronze tablets [and set up in the temple of Jupiter], in Rome, on the Capitol; [and to arrange that other] tablets [be displayed] at Aphrodisias in the sanctuary of [Aphrodite] and in the [?market place(s) of the Plarasans and Aphrodisians, ?where they are clearly visible], as seemed to them in accordance with the interests of the state and [with their own] good faith. [Agreed].

In the Senate when the decree was passed [ ? Senators] were present, and 3[40] Senators [when] the oath was taken.

Commentary

The text can be further supplemented from an area of the wall which survives intact, where extracts from related documents had been separately inscribed (8.28), providing the substance of ll. 32-5 and 77-82. For a detailed commentary see , 63-91, and bibliography cited here.

Locations

Blocks A, B and C in the Walls, West stretch. D-F Theatre in a stage room; the remainder in situ on the Theatre north parodos wall. Theatre: archive wall Principally in situ; fragments in Museum

Text Constituted From

Transcription (Reynolds); publications; notebooks. This text from McCabe, with no further revision.

History of Recording

Block A (ll. 46-62) recorded by Sherard in 1705; the upper left hand corner recorded by Gaudin (36, not recorded subsequently). Block B (which adjoined A) recorded by the NYU expedition in 1975, with a further fragment (75.141). Block C recorded by Loew in 1841; by Gaudin (143); recorded by the NYU expedition in 1976 with a further fragment (76.28). Blocks D, E and F from the three courses above those in situ, recorded by the NYU expedition in 1969-70 (70.246 + 69.313 + 69.482; 70.249, 70.251). Part noted by Reichel, R.1.25v .

Bibliography

Block A: published by Chishull, from Sherard, (1728), 150 f, by Boeckh, from Sherard papers, 2737.b, whence Texier, . iii 155; by Reinach, from Gaudin, 16; Block C: Franz, from Loew, Ann. d. Inst. 19, 1847, 113 no. b.5; by Waddington. LBW 1627; by Reinach, from Gaudin, 1; by Cormack, from the MAMA exedition, MAMA 8, no. 405. From these Viereck, nos. 5, 19. 455; Abbott & Johnson, no. 29, Bruns, no. 43, Ehrenberg & Jones no. 299.C ; Sherk 28B and 29; BE 1970.536. The full text published by Reynolds, , doc. 8, on which Bowersock, 56 (1984), 52 (l. 14), Badian, 55, 1984, 101-111 (ll. 7, 9, 11), whence 32, 1982.1097; BE 1983:367,370, AnnEpig 1984, 862. From all these McCabe 72 and 73. Discussion by Schlesinger, (Giessen, 1933) 79; J. M. Reynolds, JRS 61 (1971), 285 (on ll. l, 4); F. Millar, JRS (1973), 57, no. 12 (triumviral procedure); discussed by Reynolds, 'Inscriptions and the Building of the Temple', (Ann Arbor, 1990), 37-40, 37.

Photographs

Lines 1-12, left end (1976)

Lines 13-21 , left end (1976)

Lines 21-34, left end (1976)

Lines 21-35, right end (1976)

Lines 37-95, right end, and part of 8.26, in situ (1977)

Lines 46-62, left end (1977)

Lines 57-89, right end, in situ (1977)

Lines 76-95, right end, in situ (1977)

Lines 90-96, centre (1975)

Archive Wall view (1994)

Representations

Line 1: Reichel notebook I, page 25v (1893)